ʻO ka pale olonā seramika

Hana ʻia mai ka gangue lanahu i hoʻohui ʻia me ka uila, ka pālolo flint, alumina, silica, zirconia a me nā mea maka ʻē aʻe ma o ka filamentizing. Ma hope o ka needling a me ka mālama wela, hōʻike ka huahana i nā olonā i ulana like ʻia a me ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe, a ʻaʻohe mea hoʻopaʻa. He kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi loa ia a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā noi refractory, insulation wela a me ka mālama wela.